What is end mill geometry?

End mill geometry refers to the shape and design of the cutting edges, flutes, and shank of an end mill, which is a type of cutting tool used in milling applications. End mills are typically made of high-speed steel, carbide, or cobalt and are used to remove material from a workpiece.

Some common end mill geometries include:

Flute count: End mills can have two, three, four, or more flutes. The number of flutes affects the speed and efficiency of the cutting process.

Helix angle: The helix angle is the angle formed by the spiral grooves on the cutting edge. A higher helix angle allows for faster material removal and can reduce the risk of workpiece damage.

Cutting edge angle: The angle formed by the cutting edge and the workpiece affects the cutting forces and the quality of the cut.

Radius: End mills with a rounded cutting edge, or radius, can be used for contouring and finishing workpieces.

Shank design: The shank of the end mill can be straight or tapered and can have a variety of shank diameters to fit different milling machines.

Coatings: End mills can be coated with a variety of materials to improve their performance, including coatings that reduce friction, improve wear resistance, or enhance cutting performance in specific materials.

The choice of end mill geometry depends on the specific milling application and the materials being machined. Different geometries can affect the speed and efficiency of the cutting process, the quality of the cut, and the lifespan of the end mill.